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巴西

時(shí)間: 2020-10-20

1. 家用電器強(qiáng)制性INMETRO認(rèn)證

    2009年12月29日，INMETRO發(fā)布第371號(hào)部頒法令，正式批準(zhǔn)對(duì)家用電器實(shí)施強(qiáng)制性認(rèn)證制度（詳見(jiàn)2010年1月20日的G/TBT/N/BRA/343/Add.1）,。

  • 法令文本：http://www.inmetro.gov.br/legislacao/rtac/pdf/RTAC001519.pdf

    該法令要求自2011年7月1日起,，87類國(guó)產(chǎn)或進(jìn)口家用電器及其相關(guān)產(chǎn)品（包括工業(yè)用電器產(chǎn)品）在市場(chǎng)上銷售前，應(yīng)符合強(qiáng)制性產(chǎn)品安全認(rèn)證要求,。自2011年7月1日起,，禁止家用電器企業(yè)或進(jìn)口商生產(chǎn)或進(jìn)口未獲得強(qiáng)制性認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品；自2012月7月1日起,，禁止家用電器企業(yè)和進(jìn)口商向批發(fā)商或零售商銷售未獲得強(qiáng)制認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品,；自2013年1月1日起，禁止家用電器批發(fā)商或零售商銷售未獲得強(qiáng)制認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品,。 

    (1) 目的
    本法令旨在保護(hù)消費(fèi)者免受家用電器觸電（電擊）,、短路和著火的危險(xiǎn)。法令針對(duì)單相額定電壓不超過(guò)250 V,、其他不超過(guò)480V的家用電器,。法令規(guī)定了產(chǎn)品不適用范圍、采用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),、合格評(píng)定程序以及認(rèn)證標(biāo)志等內(nèi)容,。 

    (2) 適用范圍
    法令涉及的家用電器主要包括：電吹風(fēng),、真空吸塵器,、電熨斗、干衣機(jī),、電爐和烤箱,、加熱器、商業(yè)清洗機(jī),、烤面包機(jī)和烤架,、電熱毯、商業(yè)烹飪器具,、剃須刀和電推剪,、地板處理機(jī)/拋光機(jī)、空氣凈化器,、電熱板,、水床加熱器、深煎鍋和油煎鍋,、多處理器,、商業(yè)和工業(yè)用板處理和清潔設(shè)備、滅蟲(chóng)器,、商業(yè)和工業(yè)用地毯清洗機(jī),、液體加熱器、擠奶機(jī)、食物垃圾研磨機(jī),、繁殖和飼養(yǎng)牲畜電加熱設(shè)備,、熱水器、浸入式加熱器,、電子表,、皮膚和毛發(fā)護(hù)理器具、皮膚暴露于紫外線輻射的器具,、縫紉機(jī)械,、食品和飲料自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)、割草機(jī)和切割機(jī),，電柵欄,、電池充電器、戶外用烤架,、高壓和蒸汽清洗機(jī),、按摩器、電暖器,、抽油煙機(jī),、地板加熱設(shè)備、電動(dòng)機(jī)-壓縮機(jī),、自動(dòng)柜員機(jī),、電子坐廁、電子捕魚(yú)機(jī)械,、商業(yè)用多功能烹飪器具,、水泵、加濕器,、商用干衣機(jī),、車庫(kù)門電動(dòng)機(jī)、熱空氣鼓風(fēng)機(jī),、抽風(fēng)機(jī),、花園用鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、揮發(fā)器,、電動(dòng)牙刷,、桑那浴加熱設(shè)備、蒸汽清洗設(shè)備,、水族館設(shè)備,、投影儀和制冷劑回收設(shè)備。
    本法令不適用于：

  • 專用于工業(yè)用途的電器,；
  • 預(yù)定在特殊條件場(chǎng)所中使用的設(shè)備,，如爆炸環(huán)境（粉塵、蒸汽或煤氣）；
  • 音視頻設(shè)備（IEC 60065）,；
  • 醫(yī)療設(shè)備（IEC 60601）,；
  • 手持式電動(dòng)工具（IEC 60745）；
  • 個(gè)人電腦及類似設(shè)備（IEC 60950）,；
  • 可移式電動(dòng)工具（IEC 61029）,；
  • 那些由專業(yè)人員進(jìn)行的特殊合格評(píng)定程序涵蓋的設(shè)備，如：噴泉,、家用烹飪?nèi)細(xì)?、電?dòng)淋浴、制冷器具（冷藏箱和冷凍箱）,、空調(diào)（窗式和分體式）,、洗衣機(jī)、吊扇,；
  • 以及INMETRO已經(jīng)執(zhí)行的其他合格評(píng)定程序涵蓋的設(shè)備,，如：臺(tái)式電扇、烹飪?cè)O(shè)備和電爐,、微波爐,、干衣機(jī)和離心機(jī)、洗衣機(jī),、酒柜,、商用冷凍機(jī)和儲(chǔ)藏柜、熱泵,。 

    (3) 合格評(píng)定方式
    本法令使用的合格評(píng)定方式為強(qiáng)制性認(rèn)證,，有兩種認(rèn)證的方式：

  • 測(cè)試＋質(zhì)量管理體系評(píng)估,；
  • 批量認(rèn)證,。

    強(qiáng)制性認(rèn)證應(yīng)由INMETRO認(rèn)可的產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)（OCP）進(jìn)行。 

    (4) 認(rèn)證標(biāo)志
    通過(guò)強(qiáng)制性認(rèn)證后,，應(yīng)在產(chǎn)品及產(chǎn)品包裝上加貼認(rèn)證標(biāo)志,，如下圖（橙黃、黑,、白三種選擇）,。

 

    (5) 技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
    產(chǎn)品依據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為IEC 60335系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及部分IEC 60335轉(zhuǎn)化的ABNT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，具體有：

  • ABNT NBR NM 60335-1 – Seguran?a de Aparelhos Eletrodomésticos e Similares, Parte-1: Requisitos Gerais.
  • NM 60335-1 - Seguran?a de Aparelhos Eletrodomésticos e Similares, Parte-1: Requisitos Gerais.
  • ABNT NBR NM 60335-2-3 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para ferros elétricos de passar roupa.
  • ABNT NBR NM 60335-2-8 Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2:Requisitos particulares para barbeadores elétricos, cortadores de cabelo e aparelhos similares.
  • ABNT NBR NM IEC 60335-2-10 Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para máquinas de tratamento de piso e de lavagem por esfregamento a úmido.
  • ABNT NBR NM IEC 60335-2-13 Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para fritadeiras, frigideiras e aparelhos similares.
  • ABNT NBR NM IEC 60335-2-23 Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para aparelhos para cuidado da pele ou cabelo.
  • ABNT NBR NM IEC 60335-2-25 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para fornos microondas.
  • NBR IEC 60335-2-27 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para aparelhos de exposi??o da pele à radia??o ultravioleta e infravermelho.
  • NM 60335-2-34 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para motocompressores.
  • NBR NM 60335-2-34 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para motocompressores.
  • ABNT NBR NM IEC 60335-2-43 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para secadoras de roupa com varal e fluxo de ar quente.
  • NM 60335-2-45 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para ferramentas móveis de aquecimento e aparelhos similares.
  • NBR NM 60335-2-45 - Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares - Parte 2: Requisitos particulares para ferramentas móveis de aquecimento e aparelhos similares.
  • ABNT NBR 11829 Seguran?a de aparelhos eletrodomésticos e similares – Requisitos particulares para ventiladores.
  • IEC 60335-1 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1: General Requirements.
  • IEC 60335-2-2 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-2: Particular requirements for vacuum cleaners and water-suction cleaning appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-3 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-3: Particular requirements for electric irons.
  • IEC 60335-2-4 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-4: particular requirements for spin extractors.
  • IEC 60335-2-5 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-5: Particular requirements for dishwashers.
  • IEC 60335-2-6 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-6: Particular requirements for stationary cooking ranges, hobs, ovens and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-7 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-7: Particular requirements for washing machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-8 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-8: Particular requirements for shavers, hair clippers and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-9 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-9: Particular requirements for grills, toasters and similar portable cooking appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-10 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-10: Particular requirements for floor treatment machines and wet scrubbing machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-11 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-11: Particular requirements for tumble dryers.
  • IEC 60335-2-12 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-12: Particular requirements for warming plates and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-13 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-13: Particular requirements for deep fat fryers, frying pans and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-14 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-14: Particular requirements for kitchen machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-15 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-15: Particular requirements for appliances for heating liquids.
  • IEC 60335-2-16 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-16: Particular requirements for food waste disposers.
  • IEC 60335-2-17 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads and similar flexible heating appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-21 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-21: Particular requirements for storage water heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-23 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-23: Particular requirements for appliances for skin or hair care.
  • IEC 60335-2-24 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-24: Particular requirements for refrigerating appliances, ice-cream appliances and ice-makers.
  • IEC 60335-2-25 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-25: Particular requirements for microwave ovens, including combination microwave ovens.
  • IEC 60335-2-26 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-26: Particular requirements for clocks.
  • IEC 60335-2-27 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-27: Particular requirements for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation.
  • IEC 60335-2-28 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-28: Particular requirements for sewing machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-29 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-29: Particular requirements for battery chargers.
  • IEC 60335-2-30 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-30: Particular requirements for room heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-31 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-31: Particular requirements for range hoods.
  • IEC 60335-2-32 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-32: Particular requirements for massage appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-34 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-34: Particular requirements for motor-compressors.
  • IEC 60335-2-35 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-35: Particular requirements for instantaneous water heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-36 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-36: Particular requirements for commercial electric cooking ranges, ovens, hobs and hob elements.
  • IEC 60335-2-37 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-37: Particular requirements for commercial electric deep fat fryers.
  • IEC 60335-2-38 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-38: Particular requirements for commercial electric griddles and griddles grill.
  • IEC 60335-2-39 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-39: Particular requirements for commercial electric multi-purpose cooking pans.
  • IEC 60335-2-40 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-40: Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers.
  • IEC 60335-2-41 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-41: Particular requirements for pumps.
  • IEC 60335-2-42 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-42: Particular requirements for commercial electric forced convection oven, steam cookers and steam-convection ovens.
  • IEC 60335-2-43 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-43: Particular requirements for clothes dryers and towel rails.
  • IEC 60335-2-44 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-44: Particular requirements for ironers.
  • IEC 60335-2-45 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-45: Particular requirements for portable heating tools and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-47 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-47: Particular requirements for commercial electric boiling pans.
  • IEC 60335-2-48 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters.
  • IEC 60335-2-49 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-49: Particular requirements for commercial electric hot cupboards.
  • IEC 60335-2-50 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-50: Particular requirements for commercial electric bains-marie.
  • IEC 60335-2-51 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-51: Particular requirements for stationary circulation pumps for heating and service water installations.
  • IEC 60335-2-52 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-52: Particular requirements for oral hygiene appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-53 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-53: Particular requirements for sauna heating appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-54 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-54: Particular requirements for surface-cleaning appliances for household use employing liquids on steam.
  • IEC 60335-2-55 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-55: Particular requirements for electrical appliances for use with aquariums and garden ponds.
  • IEC 60335-2-56 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-56: Particular requirements for projectors and similar appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-58 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-58: Particular requirements for commercial electric dishwashing machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-59 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-59: Particular requirements for insect killers.
  • IEC 60335-2-60 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-60: Particular requirements for whirlpool baths and whirlpool spas.
  • IEC 60335-2-61 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-61: Particular requirements for thermal storage room heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-62 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-62: Particular requirements for commercial electric rinsing sinks.
  • IEC 60335-2-64 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-64: Particular requirements for commercial electric kitchen machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-65 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-65: Particular requirements for air cleaning appliances.
  • IEC 60335-2-66 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-66: Particular requirements for water-bed heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-67 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-67: Particular requirements for floor treatment and floor cleaning machines for industrial and commercial use.
  • IEC 60335-2-68 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-68: Particular requirements for spray extraction appliances for industrial and commercial use.
  • IEC 60335-2-69 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-69: Particular requirements for wet and dry vacuum cleaners, including power brush for industrial and commercial use.
  • IEC 60335-2-70 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-70: Particular requirements for milking machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-71 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-71: Particular requirements for electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals.
  • IEC 60335-2-72 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-72: Particular requirements for automatic machines for floor treatment for commercial and industrial use.
  • IEC 60335-2-73 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-73: Particular requirements for fixed immersion heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-74 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-74: Particular requirements for portable immersion heaters.
  • IEC 60335-2-75 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-75: Particular requirements for commercial dispensing appliances and vending machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-76 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-76: Particular requirements for electric fence energisers.
  • IEC 60335-2-77 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-77: Particular requirements for pedestrian controlled mains-operated lawnmowers.
  • IEC 60335-2-78 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-78: Particular requirements for outdoor barbecues.
  • IEC 60335-2-79 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-79: Particular requirements for high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners.
  • IEC 60335-2-80 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-80: Particular requirements for fans.
  • IEC 60335-2-81 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats.
  • IEC 60335-2-82 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-82: Particular requirements for amusement machines and personal services machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-83 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-83: Particular requirements for heated gullies for roof drainage.
  • IEC 60335-2-84 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-84: Particular requirements for toilets.
  • IEC 60335-2-85 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-85: Particular requirements for fabric steamers.
  • IEC 60335-2-86 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-86: Particular requirements for electric fishing machines.
  • IEC 60335-2-87 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-87: Particular requirements for electrical animal-stunning equipment.
  • IEC 60335-2-88 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-88: Particular requirements for humidifiers intended for use with heating, ventilation or air-conditioning systems.
  • IEC 60335-2-89 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-89: Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant condensing unit or compressor.
  • IEC 60335-2-90 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-90: Particular requirements for commercial microwave ovens.
  • IEC 60335-2-91 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-91: Particular requirements for walk-behind and hand-held lawn trimmers and lawn edge trimmers.
  • IEC 60335-2-92 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-92: Particular requirements for pedestrian-controlled mains-operated lawn scarifiers.
  • IEC 60335-2-94 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-94: Particular requirements for scissor type grass shears.
  • IEC 60335-2-95 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-95: Particular requirements for drives for vertically moving garage doors for residential use.
  • IEC 60335-2-96 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-96: Particular  requirements for flexible sheet heating elements for room heating.
  • IEC 60335-2-97 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-97: Particular requirements for drives for rolling shutters, awnings, blinds and similar equipment.
  • IEC 60335-2-98 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-98: Particular requirements for humidifiers.
  • IEC 60335-2-99 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-99: Particular requirements for commercial electric hoods.
  • IEC 60335-2-100 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-100: Particular requirements for hand-held mains-operated garden blowers, vacuums and blower vacuums.
  • IEC 60335-2-101 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-101: Particular requirements for vaporisers.
  • IEC 60335-2-102 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-102: Particular requirements for gas, oil and solid-fuel burning appliances having electrical connections.
  • IEC 60335-2-103 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-103: Particular requirements for drives for gates, doors and windows.
  • IEC 60335-2-104 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-104: Particular requirements for appliances to recover and/or recycle refrigerant from air conditioning and refrigeration equipment.
  • IEC 60335-2-105 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-105: Particular requirements for multifunctional shower cabinets.
  • IEC 60335-2-106 - Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-106: Particular requirements for heated carpets and for heating units for room heating installed under removable floor coverings.

 

2. 0類和1類家用電器禁令[注1]

    根據(jù)2010年1月25日頒布的INMETRO第10號(hào)令第一章：自2014年1月1日起,，不再允許在巴西國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)和進(jìn)口0類和1類家用及類似用途產(chǎn)品,，并且應(yīng)與ABNT NBR IEC 60335系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的其他保護(hù)等級(jí)保持技術(shù)一致。此外,，自2015年7月1日起,，不再允許在巴西國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)銷售0類和1類家用及類似用途產(chǎn)品。